Are dimmis allowed to propagate their faith?

In this question asking if a Muslim living in a democracy should turn it into an Islamic state, most of the answers seem to agree that the answer is yes, they should. But my question is, why is this preferable to simply emigrating to an already established Islamic state? Doesn't this allow the Muslim to live in an Islamic state as they desire, without having to impose it onto others?

I just read [this question](https://islam.stackexchange.com/questions/14801/what-kind-of-government-is-suggested-by-islam-democracy-or-kingdom-or) which asks "What kind of government is suggested by Islam? Democracy or Kingdom or …?" However, I thought it seems a little too broad or opinion-based at such level, because it already assumes (or have to assume) that Islam as a religion is inclusive of a theory of government. However the assumption I believe can be supported as a valid idea. First, because Islam is considered by Muslims to be the source of ultimate guidance on every aspect of life. This indeed can be understood from various Quranic verses, the most explicit being the verse which [asserts](http://tanzil.net/#trans/en.itani/41:53) : "We sent down you a book that is an explanation for everything." On the other hand, we also know that Prophet Muhammad himself established a government in Medina which he ruled and governed according to teachings of Islam with collaboration of his companions and followers. In fact, some historians of political theory argue that the formal agreement the Holy Prophet signed with tribes of Medina (known as دستور المدینة or Charter of Medina), can be regarded as the first formal Constitution in history. (See the wiki-page, [Constitution of Medina](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Medina)) . Therefore, there does seem to be an actual doctrinal and historical basis for a government/political theory in Islam. So the question is: what are the other doctrinal or historical evidences that can be used for elaborating a theory of government according to the teachings of Islam. And what are the existing theories of Islamic government, if any, as formulated by Islamic scholars? **Post-script:** Please note that this question is not asking for opinions but 1) Quranic and narrated statements related to politics of Islam which may help us in postulating an Islamic political theory, and 2) existing theories on Islamic government.

I was wondering if Shafi school only allow people of the book to be Dhimmi and pay jizya is their a different opinion in the school that says all non Muslims can be Dhimmi. Also if this is true how did the Indonesias treat the Hindus and Buddhist as Indonesia practices the Shafi school and did they make them pay jizya

In the medieval stories of King Arthur, Sir Morien was the son of a British (Christian) knight and a Moorish (and thus presumably Muslim) princess. His parents met when his father visited his mother's country, the two fell in love, and then his father returned back to his home country without marrying Morien's mother. Within the story itself, Sir Morien ventured forth on a quest to his father's country with the aim of finding his father and convincing him to return back to his mother so that they could be wed, and Sir Morien himself would eventually be able to inherit the crown of his mother's kingdom as a now-legitimate child. In the end, after some questing and some duels with Arthur's knights, he finds his father and convinces him to return to wed his mother. Happy endings for everybody. Of course, this story was written by someone in medieval Europe who would have had no idea of how the Islamic culture or legal system worked. What would the legal situation of someone in Morien's circumstances be, under Islamic law and custom? Would he be potentially able to inherit the rulership his mother's kingdom, with or without his father returning to marry his mother? Would his father returning to marry his mother actually change anything?

I believe instead of Islamophobia there should be a general resolution in the UN to discourage attacks against other faiths because there are many incidents where Muslims have attacked people of other religions or non-muslims living in a muslim country have received hate crime and death threat. Just recently in Pakistan, multiple churches were destroyed by fanatic Muslims in Jaranwala. Why shouldnt these attacks be termed as Kaffirphobia if attacks on Muslims can be termed as Islamophobia?

Are Muslims living in Muslim-majority countries required to turn their countries into Islamic governments with enforced Sharia law? Or are they allowed to have secular governments even in Muslim-majority countries?

هل هناك دليل شرعي يخرج الضرائب من المكوس ذات العقوبة العظيمة في الإسلام؟ هل فرض النبي أو أحدا من الخلفاء دفع مال علي المسلمين غير الزكاة؟ Is there evidence that makes taxes different than customs that are banned severely in Islam? Is there any example for taxes in prophet era which were made a duty on Muslims except for zakat?

Assalam o Alaikum to all my Muslim brothers, Darul uloom Deoband issued fatwa and instructed all madrasas to celebrate the independence day of the country. Now, I'm just a student of knowledge so I can't say anything with conviction but From what I understand Nationalism (assabhiyah) was discouraged by the Holy Prophet Muhammed (saw). Therefore is celebrating independence day along side the kuffar, by hoisting flags and singing national anthems tolerated in Islam or is it Against Islam? Also why has the ummah become so intoxicated with nationalism in the past century? Sadly, it seems The young these days are ready to fight their Muslims brothers openly in defense of their nations and government.

I understand that for Muslims, every verse of the Quran and every hadith of the prophet must be followed to the letter. From what to say before going out in the street, how to dress or what is the form of government. Every element of private and public life is regulated, and hence the social organization of Muslims is diametrically opposed to that of a democratic state. The Quran is immovable, and it establishes a whole series of clear rules, while Christianity is much more diffuse and “relative” in my point of view. What real influence does Islam have on social structures, governments and societies?

Nowadays we have all prevalent forms of government in Islamic Ummah Muslim-majority countries: 1. Autocracy /dictatorship (most common... Egypt, Bangladesh, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, ...) 2. Absolute monarchy (numerous... Saudi Arabia is the most prominent) 3. Democracy (only a handful... Tunisia is one of them) 4. Theocracy (Iran is **probably** the only example) My questions: 1. Does Islam suggest any structure of government? 2. Among above four, What type of government is suggested by Islam? 3. Does Islam explicitly/implicitly support/reject democracy? Note.1: *I am looking for a **Sunni** view in particular .* Note.2: *Kindly, don't give quotations from Quran/Hadith **inline**. First, state a point and give an external link of Quran/Hadith.* . Related: According to Shi'ites, what type of government is suggested by Islam?

>Democracy : a government by the people >Monarchy : undivided rule or absolute sovereignty by a single person >Absolute Monarchy : form or government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything >Anarchy : absence of government >Constitutional Monarchy : form of government in which a monarch is guided by a constitution where his/her rights,duties,and responsibilities are spelled out in written law or by custom >Dictatorship : a form of government in which a ruler or small clique wield absolute power >Oligarchy : rule by few >Parliamentary Democracy : a political system in which the legislature (parliament) selects the government >Republic : a government having a chief of state who is not a monarch and who in modern times is usually a president >Theocracy : a form of government in which a Deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler, but the Deity's laws are interpreted by ecclesiastical authorities >Totalitarian : centralized control by an autocratic leader or hierarchy **So out of all from of government which is more close to sharia and which is more supported by sharia**

Assalam Alaikum, Recently work on a hindu temple being constructed in Islamabad, Pakistan was halted and it is now being said that it needs to be checked whether a place of worship for a group other than Muslims can be funded from public money. Since Pakistan is a Muslim majority country and an Islamic Republic, the matter becomes tricky. (Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/1567777/real-issue-funding-not-construction-of-hindu-temple-noorul-haq-qadri) So the parts of the question are: 1. Can a new church, synagogue or temple be constructed at all in a Muslim majority country? 2. Can public funds be used for such a construction? The constitution of Pakistan guarantees protection for places of worship of all religions as well as practice of these religions. But this is being interpreted to mean existing places of worship, and not building new ones. Additionally, if mosques are being built using the national exchequer, then it stands to reason that the same should apply for churches, temples etc. Does anyone have any knowledge about this? At best with an example from the Prophet's (SAW) life? Thank you!

The Holy Quran in different verses says that the Prophet(PBUH) did not ask any wage for Islam. For example: > لِكَ الَّذِي يُبَشِّرُ اللَّـهُ عِبَادَهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا > الصَّالِحَاتِ ۗ قُل لَّا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا إِلَّا > الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبَىٰ ۗ وَمَن يَقْتَرِفْ حَسَنَةً نَّزِدْ لَهُ > فِيهَا حُسْنًا ۚ إِنَّ اللَّـهَ غَفُورٌ شَكُورٌ > > This is the glad tidings that Allah gives to His worshipers, who > believe and do good works. Say: '**For this I ask of you no wage** except > the love of the (Prophet's) relatives. We will add good to whosoever > gains a good deed. Allah is the Forgiving and the Thanker' > (42:23 ) Also Imam Ali a.s. did not receive any governmental wage for himself and always had his own business (farming) even when he was the Caliph. Also Salman Farsi (a.s.) one of the great Sahabas of the Prophet (SAWW) did not take any governmental wage for himself when he was the governor of Madaaen. He had income from making dishes (utensil ) from leafs of dates trees and selling them. He had a poor life and used his small room in Madaaen as a shop, governmental office and home. So in Islam, can a scholar receive salary for Islam or should he have his own business to make a living and keep his independence from any government or King? What do Quran and Hadith say about this?

Within a primarily Muslim country, if a non-Muslim commits a punishable sin, would they be punished in accordance to Islamic Law?

I have always known that Ahl-Al Kittab (people of the book) are free to follow their religion according to their laws within the Islamic State respectfully while paying the Jizya. But what about Atheists and Agnostics and the like under an Islamic State? What laws do they respectfully have while they don't necessarily "believe" in such Divine laws as other religions. Do they have their own man-made secular laws, or automatically under Sharia Law (Which is impossible since They are kaffirs and Sharia is in direct conflict with them)? This goes to all beliefs out there (Communist, Pagan, Polytheist etc.)

As far as I understand it, in an Islamic state, sharia generally applies to kuffar as well, but some legal matters are left to the kuffar to regulate within their community (I think marital and inheritance law fall in this category, but I'm not sure; some crimes may not apply either, such as apostasy, or zina, but those are guesses). Could we gather a comprehensive list of the legal matters that are left to kuffar communities to regulate for themselves?

As far as I know the Islamic state has mostly developed in the time of the caliphs and the later dynasties. But surely there must be some sources that might have guided and inspired what we now may call an Islamic state or government. A state always relies on a taxation system to pay clerks etc. so what other sources for state finance are there in Islam except for jizya (based on 9:29 ) and zakat (based on 9:60 )? Please provide sources from qur'an and sunnah (if possible) for these legal sources! > Fight those who do not believe in Allah or in the Last Day and who do not consider unlawful what Allah and His Messenger have made unlawful and who do not adopt the religion of truth from those who were given the Scripture - [fight] until they give the jizyah willingly while they are humbled. (9:29) > > Zakah expenditures are only for the poor and for the needy and for those **employed to collect** [zakah] and for bringing hearts together [for Islam] and for freeing captives [or slaves] and for those in debt and for the cause of Allah and for the [stranded] traveler - an obligation [imposed] by Allah . And Allah is Knowing and Wise. (9:60)

I am non-Muslim history major student. I would like to know the criteria to determine a Caliphate. I would give an example of the very recent/last Caliphate in the Islamic world, i.e. the leader of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (Taliban), *Mullah Mohammed Omar Mujahid or Mullah Omar*. Mullah Omar called himself the Caliphate (Amir Al-Momenin) of all Muslims in the world. He ordered his followers to fully implement the Islamic Sharia laws, i.e. Quran and Hadith texts in almost 80% of Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001, longer than any other conservative Islamic group. Even famous and recent Islamic figures like Usama Bin Laden and his followers decided to choose Mullah Omar as their Caliphate. **Based on Quran/Hadith, what are the criteria to follow a Caliphate of an Islamic Emirate/Government like Mullah Omar?**

I have read elections are not allowed in Islam (for example, here: https://islamqa.info/en/98134 ). Nevertheless, I would like to have more proofs and understand why. Of course, any government must satisfy Sharia (this is, logically, compulsory). But, what about choosing the government? I mean, should we accept a government and its members without questioning? How do governors start their government? How can we be sure that they are the best to follow Allah's rules? As we can see in today's Islamic countries, governments are not the best when they have to follow Sharia. So, I don't understand how a person (or a group of people) can govern a country without any control. I think it's not the best way (not 100% sure) that a country follow Sharia. *Therefore, I would like to have proofs and understand what is the best thing according to Islam and how a person (group of people) can start to govern a country.*