Is pseudoscience generally forbidden or discouraged?

> Pseudoscience is a term used to describe a claim, belief, or practice presented as scientific, but which does not adhere to the scientific method. -- Wikipedia There's a host of pseudosciences (Wikipedia has a list of topics characterized as pseudoscience ). Some topics are considered defunct, e.g., phrenology , whereas others are borderline science, e.g. chiropractic . Most are seemingly harmless, but some are dangerous, e.g. ear candling resulting in ear injuries. There's also a risk that a patient may abstain from evidence-based medical treatments opting for alternative treatments instead. **Question**: Is pseudoscience generally forbidden or discouraged? I presume the answer would vary from topic to topic: Some pseudosciences involve fortune telling and astrology which are haram (jointly listed as major sin #46 in Major Sins by Imam Shamsu ed-Deen Dhahabi ), e.g., palm reading . I wish to ask about the topic in general: maybe it's best just to stay away from pseudoscience as a whole (perhaps engaging in pseudoscience would lead to fortune telling, etc.). It may be that pseudoscience as a whole is forbidden. Googling pseudoscience haram was not helpful, mostly returning Islam-critical webpages.